Sabtu, 19 Oktober 2019

Phonetics atau Fonetik


Kali ini saya akan sedikit membahas salah satu cabang ilmu linguistik yaitu Phonetics atau Fonetik. Sebelumnya saya belum mengerti apa itu fonetik maka saya putuskan untuk membaca sekilas pengantar materi tentang apa itu Phonetics/ Fonetik. Percayalah teman saya merasa sedikit frustasi ketika membacanya lebih lanjut, saya teringat kata-kata dosen saya bahwa linguistik layaknya pohon rimbun dengan banyak sekali cabangnya. Dan ketika saya membaca lebih dalam tentang fonetik ini saya merasa mulai kehilangan fokus dan merasa berada dalam hutan rimba yang tidak tahu mana jalan keluar yang benar, mana pengertian yang paling tepat untuk menggambarkan apa itu Fonetik. Dan disini saya mulai menyususn sedikit yang saya temui hasil berseluncur dan berjalan-jalan di internet  seharian. Saya harap ini bisa membantu teman teman mengerti apa itu Fonetik. Selamat membaca J

Phonetics atau fonetik
Secara umum adalah :
Cabang ilmu linguistik yang mempelajari produksi bunyi bahasa. Bunyi bahasa tentunya diciptakan dari adanya getaran suatu benda yang menyebabkan udara ikut bergetar. Perbedaan antara bunyi bahasa dengan bunyi yang lainnya menurut Fonetik adalah bunyi bahasa tercipta atas getaran alat-alat ucap manusia sedangkan bunyi biasa tercipta dari getaran benda-benda selain alat ucap manusia. Dalam fonetik, bunyi bahasa dianggap setara bunyi, yaitu sebuah gelaja fisika yang dapat diamati proses produksinya.fonetik memang berorientasi dalam deskripsi produksi bunyi bahasa serta cara-carayang dapat mengubah bunyi bahasa itu dalam produksinya. Oleh karena itu, fonetik bertugas mendeskripsikan bunyi-bunyi bahasa yang terdapat di dalam suatu bahasa. Salah satu contoh konkretnya adalah identifikasi bunyi-bunyi kontoid dan vokoid dalam suatu bahasa.
Secara definisi :
Fonetik adlalah ilmu yang mempelajari bunyi-bunyi ujaran. Ini termasuk memahami bagaimana suara dibuat menggunakan mulut, hidung, gigi, dan lidah, dan juga memahami bagaimana telinga mendengar suara-suara itu dan dapat membedakannya. Sebuah studi tentang fonetik melibatkan mempraktekkan menghasilkan suara (terkadang eksotis)dan mencari tahu suara yang Anda dengar.
Fonetik adalah bidang linguistik yang mempelajari bunyi bahasa tanpa memperhatikan apakah bunyi tersebut mempunyai fungsi sebagai pembeda makna atau tidak. Menurut urutan proses terjadinya bunyi bahasa itu, dibedakan menjadi adanya tiga jenis fonetik, yaitu fonetik artikulatoris, fonetik akustik, dan fonetik auditoris.
·         Fonetik artikulatoris ( fonetik organis atau fonetik fisiologis) : mempelajari bagaimana mekanisme alat-alat bicara manusia bekerja dalam menghasilkan bunyi bahasa, serta bagaimana bunyi-bunyi diklasifikasikan.
·         Fonetik akustik : mempelajari bunyi bahasa sebagai peristiwa fisis atau fenomena  alam. Bunyi bahasa itu diselidiki frekuensi getarannya, amplitudonya, dan intensitasnya, serta timbrenya.
·         Fonetik auditoris : mempelajari bagaimana mekanisme penerimaan bunyi bahasa itu oleh telinga kita.

Alat ucap yang terlibat dalam produksi bunyi bahasa adalah sebagai berikut :
1.       Paru-paru
2.       Batang tenggorok
3.       Pangkal tenggorok
4.       Pita suara
5.       Krikoid
6.       Tiroid dan lekum
7.       Aritenoid
8.       Dinding rongga kerongkongan
9.       Epiglottis
10.   Akar lidah
11.   Pangkal lidah
12.   Tengah lidah
13.   Daun lidah
14.   Ujung lidah
15.   Anak tekak
16.   Langit-langit lunak
17.   Langit-langit keras
18.   Gusi, lengkung kaki gigi
19.   Gigi atas
20.   Gigi bawah
21.   Bibir atas
22.   Bibir bawah mulut
23.   Rongga mulut
24.   Rongga hidung

Bunyi-bunyi yang terjadi pada alat-alat ucap itu biasanya diberi nama sesuai dengan nama alat ucap itu. Berikut adalah nama namanya :
1.       Pangkal tenggorok – laringal
2.       Rongga kerongkongan – faringal
3.       Pangkal lidah – dorsal
4.       Tengah lidah – medial
5.       Daun lidah – laminal
6.       Ujung lidah – apikal
7.       Anak tekak – uvular
8.       Langit-langit lunak – velar
9.       Langit-langit keras – palatal
10.   Gusi – alveolar
11.   Gigi – dental
12.   Bibir – labial
Proses Fonasi atau yang disebut juga proses bersuara
Terjadinya bunyi bahasa pada umumnya dimulainya dengan proses pemompaan udara keluar dari paru-paru melalui pangkal tenggorok ke pangkal tenggorok yang didalamnya terdapat pita suara. Ada 4 macam posisi pita suara yaitu :
-          Pita suara terbuka lebar
-          Pita suara terbuka agak lebar
-          Pita suara terbuka sedikit
-          Pita suara tertutup rapat-rapat

Jika pita suara terbuka lebar maka tidak akan terjadi bunyi bahasa. Jika pita suara terbuka agak lebar maka akan terjadi bunyi ahasayang disebut bunyi tak bersuara (voiceless). Kalau pita  suara terbuka sedikit maka akan terjadilah bunyi bahasa yang disebut bunyi bersara(voice). Jika pita suara tertutup rapat maka akan terjadilah bunyi hamzah atau glotal stop.
Jika pita suara terbuka lebar berarti tidak ada hambatan apa-apa, maka berarti juga tidak ada bunyi yang dhasilkan. Posisi terbuka agak lebar akan menghasilkan bunyi-bunyi tak bersuara apabila arus udara diteruskan ke rongga mulut atau rongga hidung. Posisi terbuka sedikit akan menghasilkan bunyi bersuara apabila arus udara diteruskan ke rongga mulut atau rongga hidung. Sedangkan posisi pita suara menutup sama sekali langsung menghasilkan bunyi hamzah atau bunyi glottal.
Tempat bunyi bahasa terjadi atau dihasilkan disebut tempat artikulasi. Proses terjadinya disebut proses artikulasi. Dan alat-alat yangdigunakan disebut artikulator. Dalam proses artikulasi ini biasanya terlibat dua macam articulator yaitu articulator aktif dan pasif.
Ø  Articulator aktif ; alat ucap yang bergerak dan digerakkan.
Misalnya : bubur bawah, ujung lidah, dan daun lidah
Ø  Articulator pasif : alat ucap yang tidak dapat bergerak atau yang didekati oleh articulator aktif.
Misalnya : bibier atas, gigi atas, langit-langit keras
Keadaan, cara atau posisi bertemunya articulator aktif dan artkulator pasif disebut striktur. Dalam berbagai bahasa dijumpai bunyi ganda. Artinya ada dua bunyi yang lahir dalam dua proses artikulasi yang berangkaian.
Tulisan Fonetik
Dalam studi linguistik dikenal adanya beberapa macam system tulisan dan ejaan, diantaranya:
Ø  tulisan fonetik untuk ejaan fonetik
Ø  tulisan fonemis untuk ejaan fonemis
Ø  system aksara tertentu untuk ejaan ortografis
Dalam studi linguistic dikenal dengan adanya tulisan fonetik dari International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
Dalam tulisan fonetik setiap bunyi baik yang segmental maupun yang suprasegmental dilambangkan secara akurat. Artinya, setiap bunyi mempunyai lambang-lambangnya sendiri, meskipun perbedaanya hanya sedikit, tetapi dalam tulisan fonemik haya perbedaan bunyi yang distingtif saja yakni yang membedakan makna, yang dibedakan lambangnya.
Klasifikasi Bunyi
Bunyi bahasa dibedakan atas:
Ø  vocal
Ø  konsonan.
Bunyi vocal dihasilkan dengan pita suara terbuka sedikit. Pita suara yang terbuka sedikit menjadi bergetar ketika dilalui arus udara yang dipompakan dari paru-paru. Arus udara itu keluar  melalui rongga mulut tanpa hambatan bunyi konsonan terjadi setelah arus udara melewati pita suara yang terbuka sedikit atau agak lebar diteruskan dirongga mulut atau rongga hidung dengan mendapat hambatan ditempa-tempat artikulasi tertentu.
Bunyi Vokal
Bunyi vocal biasanya diklasifikasikan dan diberi nama berasarkan posisi lidah dan bentuk mulut. Posisi lidah biasa bersifat vertical dan horizontal.
Secara vertical dibedakan adanya :
Ø  vocal tinggi, misalnya, bunyi {i} dan {u}.
Ø  vocal tengah, misalnya, bunyi [e] .
Ø  vocal rendah, misalnya , bunyi [a]
Secara horizontal dibedakan :
Ø  Vokal depan. Misalnya, bunyi [I dan [e]
Ø  Vokal pusat, misalnya bunyi [∂]
Ø  Vocal belakang, misalnya bunyi [u] dan [o]
Menurut bentuk mulut dibedakan :
Ø  Vocal bundar misalnya, vocal [o] dan [u]
Ø  Vocal tak bundar misalnya, vocal [i] dan [e]
Berdasarkan posisi lidah dan bentuk mulut itulah kemudian kita memberi nama akan vocal-vokal itu, misalnya :
[i] adalah vokal depan tinggi tak bundar
[e] adalah vkal depan tengah tak bundar
[∂] adalah vocal pusat tengah tak bundar
[o] adalah vokal belakang tngah bundar
[a] adalah vocal pusat rendah tak bundar
Disini akan saya beri referensi video pendek bagaimana mengucapkannya dengan benar! ( saya berharap kalian menontonnya berulang-ulang) J

Diftong atau vocal rangkap
-          Disebut diftong atau vocal rangkap karena posisi lidah etika memproduksi bunyi ini pada bagian awalnya dan bagian akhirnya tidak sama.
Contoh diftong dalam bahasa Indonesia adalah [au] pada kerbau.
Diftong sering dibedakan berdasarkan letak atau posisi unsur-unsurnya sehingga dibedakan adanya:
1.       diftong naik
2.       diftong turun.
-          Diftong naik karena bunyi pertama posisinya lebih rendah dari posisis bunyi yang kedua.
-          Diftong turun karena posisibuyi pertama lebih tiggi dari posisi yang kedua.
Klasifikasi konsonan
Bunyi-bunyi konsonan biasanya dibedakan berdasarkan 3 patokan yaitu posisi pita suara, tempat artikulasi, cara artikulasi
Berdasarkan tempat artikulasi ;
1.       bilabial yaitu konsoan yang terjadi pada kedua belah bibir atas. Contoh. Bunyi [b],[p],[m]. b] dan [p] adalah bunyi oral yaitu dikelarkan melalui rongga mulut, dan bunyi [m ] adalah bunyi nasal yatu bunyi yang dikeluarkan melalui rongga hidung.
2.       labiodental yakni konsonan yang terjadi pada gigi bawah dan bibir atas. Contoh, bunyi [f] dan [v]
3.       aminoalveolar yakni konsonan yang terjadi pada daun lidah dn gusi. Contohya, bunyi [t] da [d]
4.       dorsvelar yakni konsonan yang terjad pada pangkal lidah dan velum. Contohnya, bunyi [k] dan [g]
berdasarkan cara  artikulasinya dibedakan atas :
1.       hambat, contohnya, bunyi [p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]
2.       geseran , contohnya bunyi [f] [s] [z]
3.       paduan, contohya, bunyi [c] [j]
4.       senggauan, contohnya, bunyi [m] [n] [ŋ]
5.       getaran, contohnya, bunyi [r]
6.       sampingan , contohnya, bunyi [l]
7.       hampiran, contohnya, [w] [y]
Nada atau Pitch
Nada berkenaan dengan tinggi rendahnya suatu bunyi. Nada dalam bahasa-bahasa tertentu bisa bersifat fonemis maupun morfemis. Dalam bahasa tonal biasanya dikenal dengan adanya lima macam nada, yaitu :
1.nada naik atau meninggi[ /]
2.nada datar [―]
3.nada turun [\]
4.nada turun naik [\/]
5.nada naik turun [/\]
Nada yang menyertai bunyi segmental di dalam kalimat disebut intonasi. Dalam hal ini biasanya dibedakan menjadi 4 macam nada ;
1.nada yang paling tinggi [4]
2.nada tinggi [3]
3.nada sedang [2]
4.nada rendah [1]
Jeda atau persendian
Jeda atau persendian berkenaan dengan hentian bunyi dalam arus ujar persambungan antara segmen yang satu dengan yang lain dibedakan:
1.       Sendi dalam menunjukkan batas antara satu silabel dengan silabel yang lain
2.       Sendi luar menunjukkan batas yang lebih besar dari segmen silabel.
 Silabel
1.       Silabel adalah satuan ritme terkecil dalam suatu arus ujaran atau runtutan bunyi ujaran
2.       Onset adalah bunyi pertama pada sebuah silabel, seperti bunyi [s] pada kata sampah.
3.       Koda adalah bunyi akhir pada sebuah silabel seperti bunyi [n] pada kata paman.
Fonemik
Objek penelitian fonetik adalah fon, yaitu bunyi bahasa yang mengandung bunyi tersebut mempunyai fungsi sebagai pembeda makna kata atau tidak.




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132 komentar

  1. hello shella, your blog looks awesome but it doesn't help me to make my pronounciation better, can you tell me the easiest way to learn phonetics? i guess everyone will forget the symbols and make mistake again.. thank you

    BalasHapus
  2. I think you must read the dictionary repeatedly. HAHAHAHA im just kidding. I think the easiest way to learn phonetics is always try to use it. there is no instant way to become proficient at something

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Excuse me, read the dictionary repeatedly? I don't want to memorize new vocabulary. I just want to Improve my pronounciation. How come i can imitate the right one if there is no example how to pronounce it correctly.

      Hapus
    2. hey nowadays there is a technology that has been formed in such a way and I think it can help you fulfill all your curiosity called Google, and I recommend using google translate because you already have the ability to say how we pronounce it according to your wishes. apologize for not being able to exemplify directly how the pronunciation sounds, because the bogger does not provide voice note media or call media. or should we switch to chat and social media?

      Hapus
  3. hi, my advice for you is to provide an interesting background so that readers don't get bored and also provide conclusions so that they can better understand what you want to convey 😊

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. thankyou for your advice shinta, you are so kind to me. but i think my background in this blog is soo cool. okay maybe next time i will make special room for conclusion

      Hapus
  4. Your blog is already good, but my advice for you are you need to read again your blog, because there are still some words that are incorrectly written or lacking letters. Maybe it will make people misunderstand or confused with your explanation. Then it's good if you write your blog more structured and neater to make it interesting and not boring 😊😊
    Thank you 🙏

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. thank you maria for your suggestion and advice.. it's so mean to me to make my blog better in the next project..
      don't forget to read my other post.

      Hapus
  5. What is diftong shella? , please your explain too me

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. diphthong (/ˈdɪfθɒŋ/ DIF-thong or /ˈdɪpθɒŋ/ DIP-thong;[1] from Greek: δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally "double sound" or "double tone"), also known as a gliding vowel, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable

      For more information you can copy this link

      https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphthong

      Hapus
    2. Heii viraa and hei febby! I am sorry to late to answere your question Febby, and thankyou so much vir to help me answere The Febby question ;)

      Hapus
    3. I try to answer,The word "diphthong" comes from the Greek and means "two voices" or "two sounds." In phonetics, a diphthong is a vowel in which there is a noticeable sound change within the same syllable. (A single or simple vowel is known as a monophthong.) The process of moving from one vowel sound to another is called gliding, which is why another name for a diphthong is a gliding vowel but they are also known as compound vowels, complex vowels, or moving vowels. The sound change that turns a single vowel into a diphthong is called diphthongization. Diphthongs are sometimes referred to as "long vowels" but this is misleading. While vowel sounds do change in a diphthong, they do not necessarily take more time to say than a monophthong.

      Hapus
  6. Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.

    BalasHapus
  7. Thanks for sharing Shella
    Your blog very useful. Good job🔥

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Hello Wan, wow thankyou for comming to my blog and thankyou for your praises to me, it's mean a lot for me

      Hapus
  8. u're content complete shell. u just need to improve u're template. make it good looking. dont lazy😋

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hi rindy! which part of my blog templete must to improve? don't you know that my blog templete is good likes my attitude , mr budi said to me HAHAHAHAH

      Hapus
    2. oh really? this blank template is good ? huh it just blank no color no creavity and the explanation justsoso , but how can you say your lecture say its good like your attitude , maybe him just insinuate you so don't be happy.

      Hapus
    3. Be like Rindi, she is very diligent and even on the blog she is very critical. He really cares about everyone, hahaha always helps his friend, naturally he is like that, his body is cared for until it's that fat, hahaha

      Hapus
  9. The content in your blog is very use full. Proud of you 👏

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. ahoiii thereee.. how are you darmawan?? thank you so much for your praise to me its so precious to me. but i want to here some advice from you how to be a good presentation?

      Hapus
    2. dermawan are u sure this blog is very usefull ? I think its more useless because how the writer give the materi is not clear and to much materi make readers complicated to understand , fyi the style blog so very b ajah

      Hapus
    3. I am a little annoyed by comments like that Derma, you are proud of her, but not necessarily you understand the material, hahahha many people always praise, say good and this and that, even though he himself does not understand the material he reads

      Hapus
  10. Sel this like i read journal. Tapi kalau journal ada gunanya

    BalasHapus
  11. Hi!❤️
    I just wanna give you an advice ,Your blog is good but the conclusion is not there

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hi irma! long time no see yaa, thank you for your advice you are so kind! the conclusion is on third word from the end of the commentary by irmarizkyana ;)

      Hapus
  12. Woowww🤩
    The blog ia very useful, and nice 🤩

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hai maria! nice to see you.. Is there nothing you want to say to me besides that? let's comment even longer, practice writing

      Hapus
  13. Your blog make me wuuuuaaah😪(sleepy)

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hahaaha mery you should not come to this blog for a second , you can see how bad shella write the blog . and she create story that the lecture was say it good its so funny , and I think she doenst know the lecture is not really realize to say that HAHAHA , or maybe the lecture just insinuate her . right ?

      Hapus
    2. Hy Mary, I think your blog is the most boring compared to Shella's, your blog is monotonous, and it's not even worth visiting. It doesn't have the same benefits as you, it just makes my eyes hurt to see it.

      Hapus
  14. hello Shella! good because a lot of information, but not interesting, not artsy makes me sleepy reading it

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hai sahara! thank you for commenting in my blog. in this blog i want t explain about phonetics. but if you looking for artsy i think you are in the wrong place. thank you!

      Hapus
  15. I want to ask, why is there no error in your blog in my opinion? I like the style of the arrangement😉😉

    BalasHapus
  16. Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.

    BalasHapus
  17. Hay Sella, I read. language sounds must be created from the vibration of an object that causes air vibrations to shake, what does that mean?

    BalasHapus
  18. hai hai kak shell! Your blog is complete, but I want to give you a suggestion to be even more thorough in writing, there are still some wrong words there.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. haii affrilinaa!! you appear again in my blog, nice to see you again. which one you got wrong word with my blog? please tell me?

      Hapus
  19. Qaqa sella
    Your blog is very very innocent, like a meri blog😒

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. heloow there? is that you dedeq diny?? why do you said to me like this? iam so sorry because my blog so innoncent to you but for me is awsomee yaahhh

      Hapus
    2. Yes thats right is so bad and not interest why she doing blog like that its better if not write a blog if she do like that. The materi is to long and not easy to understand

      Hapus
  20. I like your blog kak shella, your blog is also neat:)

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hai ririn filda? hows going?:D thank you for your praise to this one, but i think this is not so neat like you said before, but one more time i say thank you yaa

      Hapus
  21. You should also give distance to the writing

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hai afrilinaaa or i must called you abang? AHAHHAHH. what kind of distance do you want for my content of this blog bang?

      Hapus
    2. wkwkwk iam curiuos how long distance rilla need , its so multitafsir , and make me so confused about how she is meaning about ,btw why just give one sentence comment ? its make you look so lazy to comment

      Hapus
    3. And also not writing to right? Wkwkkw i think she just do the bad blog so i mean how. About just keep silent and not write a blog because is so make we bored to reading

      Hapus
  22. Innocent blog, but great job shel

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hai fia, thankyou for commenting in my blog you are so cool B) lets go to let's move to unilak superior 2030, we can do it.

      Hapus
    2. want to be superior ? but your bloq quality is like this ckckckkkkkkk , explain with Indonesia language but answer with English , its easy to copy paste google translate right ?

      Hapus
    3. Yusvia, you delivered a big hoax, hahaha it's clear that his blog is not good and incomplete, just like your blog, did you guys make it the same yesterday so you compliment each other?

      Hapus
  23. I love your intro shel hahaha , i know what your feel . Coz i feel too hahaha💃

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. i love your profil picture anjely, oh yaa?? what do you know about how I feel?? common mention me HAHAHAHA I feel like you are a psychic

      Hapus
  24. Your blog is very simple, but I like hahaha

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. thank you ririn anggraini nasution for your praise to me, but i have a suggestion to you,let's add more comment ririn sayonkkkkk

      Hapus
  25. Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.

    BalasHapus
  26. Hmmm I think your blog is very good and clear. but I feel unenthusiastic because your theme is plain, colorless though I know the layout is good. but you only need to set the color of the theme

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. thankyou for your advice fina, you are so kind to me. but don't you know about the saying don't judge something by the cover. don't just look at how it looks, read the content yaaaa ;)

      Hapus
    2. Are u halu to say its clear? Is not clear and make we not understand about the materi. She explanation is so bad and make us not focus to. The materi. She have so. Many error and its make the readers ilfeel

      Hapus
  27. Do you know the street from kerinci too Rengat shelaa? Its so very far and longer think its same with your blog very long. How i can understand about phonetic?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. I try to answer,you can understand about phonetic if you read clearly and read carefully,and also try to understand the example ,than explain with your own meanning.

      Hapus
    2. I try to explain a little to you,Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that focuses on the production and classification of the world’s speech sounds. The production of speech looks at the interaction of different vocal organs, for example the lips, tongue and teeth, to produce particular sounds. By classification of speech, we focus on the sorting of speech sounds into categories which can be seen in what is called the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The IPA is a framework that uses a single symbol to describe each distinct sound in the language and can be found in dictionaries and in textbooks worldwide. For example, the noun ‘fish’ has four letters, but the IPA presents this as three sounds: f i ʃ, where ‘ʃ’ stands for the ‘sh’ sound.

      Phonetics as an interdisciplinary science has many applications. This includes its use in forensic investigations when trying to work out whose voice is behind a recording. Another use is its role in language teaching and learning, either when learning a first language or when trying to learn a foreign language. This section of the website will look at some of the branches of phonetics as well as the transcription of speech and some history behind phonetics.

      Hapus
    3. I try to add it,
      Phonetics Vs. Phonology – the key differences
      Phonetics looks at the physical production of sounds, focusing on which vocal organs are interacting with each other and how close these vocal organs are in relation to one another. Phonetics also looks at the concept of voicing, occurring at the pair of muscles found in your voice box, also known as the Adam’s apple. If the vocal folds are vibrating, this creates voicing and any sound made in this way are called voiced sounds, for example “z”. If the vocal folds are not vibrating, this does not lead to voicing and creates a voiceless sound e.g. “s”. You can observe this yourself by placing two fingers upon your voice box and saying “z” and “s” repeatedly. You should feel vibrations against your finger when saying “z” but no vibrations when saying “s”.

      Phonology however is associated more with the abstract properties of sounds, as it is about how these categories are stored in the mind. Phonetics also describes certain properties as being gradient such as voicing where we can compare the length of voicing between two sounds. For example in French, [b] is voiced for longer than English [b]. In Phonology, these segments are simply defined categorically as being voiced or voiceless, regardless of these subtle differences.

      Hapus
  28. i don't know for sure which way is right fia, try to use google map. if following doesn't feel far. Same way with my blog. follow the material and you will got it :)

    BalasHapus
  29. Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.

    BalasHapus
  30. Sis Shella, your blog explanation is very good, but it's better to make a brief explanation so that readers can quickly understand what Kak Shella explains.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. I will explain a little,Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that focuses on the production and classification of the world’s speech sounds. The production of speech looks at the interaction of different vocal organs, for example the lips, tongue and teeth, to produce particular sounds. By classification of speech, we focus on the sorting of speech sounds into categories which can be seen in what is called the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The IPA is a framework that uses a single symbol to describe each distinct sound in the language and can be found in dictionaries and in textbooks worldwide. For example, the noun ‘fish’ has four letters, but the IPA presents this as three sounds: f i ʃ, where ‘ʃ’ stands for the ‘sh’ sound.

      Phonetics as an interdisciplinary science has many applications. This includes its use in forensic investigations when trying to work out whose voice is behind a recording. Another use is its role in language teaching and learning, either when learning a first language or when trying to learn a foreign language. This section of the website will look at some of the branches of phonetics as well as the transcription of speech and some history behind phonetics.

      Hapus
  31. what is the relationship between phonetics and phonology and can we understand phonetics separately without any phonological explanation ??

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hy Riska ,I will try to answer your question,
      Phonetics Vs. Phonology – the key differences
      Phonetics looks at the physical production of sounds, focusing on which vocal organs are interacting with each other and how close these vocal organs are in relation to one another. Phonetics also looks at the concept of voicing, occurring at the pair of muscles found in your voice box, also known as the Adam’s apple. If the vocal folds are vibrating, this creates voicing and any sound made in this way are called voiced sounds, for example “z”. If the vocal folds are not vibrating, this does not lead to voicing and creates a voiceless sound e.g. “s”. You can observe this yourself by placing two fingers upon your voice box and saying “z” and “s” repeatedly. You should feel vibrations against your finger when saying “z” but no vibrations when saying “s”.

      Phonology however is associated more with the abstract properties of sounds, as it is about how these categories are stored in the mind. Phonetics also describes certain properties as being gradient such as voicing where we can compare the length of voicing between two sounds. For example in French, [b] is voiced for longer than English [b]. In Phonology, these segments are simply defined categorically as being voiced or voiceless, regardless of these subtle differences.

      Hapus
  32. Hi shella! Waww when I first opened your blog I felt like I was looking at my father's newspaper, and the theme was supportive too wkwk. Your material is complete but I don't think you have to make it that way, its okay if it's a little but easy to understand, but this really makes me confused. make more intresting yeah, especially your theme😩

    BalasHapus
  33. Firts of all your materi to long and make the readers is feel sleep and doens catch the point, and next your explanation is not interesting so flat and blanks materi. event your give so many explanation but you not ittention to WRITE the blog, and last but not least your blog design is no color and its the bad theme i ever seen -_-

    Honestly, i dont see anything that have the good one in this blog cause all of them is BAD!

    BalasHapus


  34. Hello sister sella 🙌🙌. I hope my comment don't discourage you, of course your explanation is nice . but it's a bit boring cause it's plain without a background.i hope you can use a interseting template as soon, ahh Or maybe u deliberately so that reader focus more on ur material?😂😂 Hehe
    #jeje💞💞

    BalasHapus

  35. hai my dear ! I was very bored while reading your blog 😴. Your blog makes me sleepy😴. the material you are describing is very, very long. however, I do not understand your explanation. you are very very bad teacher! #Jeje💞💞

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Radini, you are also a very bad teacher candidate, a good teacher will always convey constructive criticism, and can help his students to correct all their deficiencies, not mock her.

      Hapus
  36. Hai my dear shella 👄. Why you choose this topic ? I though you are not happy when you wrote this blog😂 . Ahh maybe you just copy paste a material from internet 🌎and you din't read it back ? Hahahaha so sad yeah 😆😆 #jeje 💞

    BalasHapus
  37. Hi shella. Better you organize the sentences well here. It needs more space for you to write, not much and selected the sentences that needs to be omitted too. Not all the writing here. Just suggestion shella.🤗

    BalasHapus
  38. Hi again shella..you wrote about "syllable" before. Can you give the examples in English please? Is it included if we have verb 1 then change into verb 3 (the irregular verb). E.g: reach - reached. (Is it included as syllable as well?). Please answer it too. Thank you.

    BalasHapus
  39. Hii sela ...this is the firts time i visiting your blog, and many things that come to my mind about your blog mu..oh yeah yeah why did you choose the white template? or you did not change the theme ?? just as a suggestion yeah, in my opinion it's better to use a color template, so that readers don't get bored when visiting it ... this is just in my opinion ... maybe it could be a suggestion for you ..😅😅

    BalasHapus
  40. first of all I want to ask you, why did you make a blog using Indonesian ?? The lecturer once said in our class "what is your major ?? You should use language according to your major, in addition to training you can also learn ..."😄😄

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. you know why ? it cause she on wrong major HAHAHA , uhh shella its better if you to out from English faculty if you still use Indonesia language to follow the class , when you can improve your English speaking skills if always using Indonesia language wkwkwk

      Hapus
  41. and next, I want to ask why you chose phonetics as your subject ?? I know you and I think you can also talk about lexicology ... I'm just curious ...😁😁

    BalasHapus
  42. I hope you read it, and reply immediately, because I'm really curious about your reasons and with your answers😊😊

    BalasHapus
  43. hi you 💖 happy to visit your blog 😊 I hope you can respond to me yes, because I'm very happy if you respond ... 😊 okay I have seen this explanation of your blog, but no intention to read it, why? because your explanation is too long for me😅 and also the arrangement of your words is too messy can you give a brief explanation or give me a reference? so I can understand? 👀

    BalasHapus
  44. Hi Shella!! I see changes in your blog. apparently you like writing. hmm but my eyes hurt seeing your plain theme. can you change the color for the better so that this blog becomes interesting again😎😎

    BalasHapus
  45. hi shella... i hope you are good but i am not good when i see this post hhmm... too long and not attractive... and why did you not use align text justify ? why did you not put something interesting to make us "your readers" be interested when we open this blog... hmmm

    BalasHapus
  46. hi shelaa :) i think you have to change your template... lol you like lazy when you write your blog here lol or you don't understand about your own topic ??? 😅😅 you look like want to say "bodo amat" 😅😅 don't be lazy when you want to share your knowledge to your readerssssssssss

    BalasHapus
  47. Hello Ibu Negara :v
    Why your blog is so simple, is not like you who always hype and excited in class. I though your blog will be wild and full of creativity😂. Come on, you better than this!!

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. hi bang theo, i never thought i would meet you on my blog page * uww thank you for your words that i don't know whether it's praise or satire hahaah

      Hapus
  48. this material is clear, but sorry for being a little uninterested, I don't like the theme

    BalasHapus
  49. but take it easy, this must be corrected to make it look more attractive, do it as fast as possible

    BalasHapus
  50. but take it easy, this must be corrected to make it look more attractive, do it as fast as possible

    BalasHapus
  51. Hi sela 🌺
    so far your blog has been good, but my advice would be better if you make animated widgets on your blog sella, it will look very interesting to read😍

    BalasHapus
  52. Woaahh thankyou for your suggestion yaa mel, it's mean a lot for me. But sorry to say Mel iam not interested of animated :(

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. But why?You are different from most people hahha😅
      I think it's very useful in beautifying blogs sela

      Hapus
    2. yeah of course I'm different from the others, you know I really don't like people like me. because I will be very confused how to deal with people who are similar to me

      Hapus
    3. Wkwkwkw Lol😅😅😅
      I can't stop laughing reading your comments,
      How funny you are😅

      Hapus
    4. Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.

      Hapus
    5. I think she is not funny , its more like strange and freak . and you as the readers you so receh , hah you two is fit to be friend , a freak and a receh girl :d
      Hapus

      Hapus
  53. hey i'm serious, i'm an education student not a stand up comedy participant. Why do laughing to read my comment?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. 😅😅because the way you convey how you are yourself, that sound really funny to me

      Hapus
  54. Oh, yes? I think this is good news. I can make someone happy at the same time she feels pressured by her duties

    BalasHapus
  55. Hello shella... 😊
    I just wanna ask you why did you make this life more difficult because of your blog? 😬

    I'm sorry to say, i really really uncomfortable and i cant get anything from your blog. I think you have to edit and republish this blog.

    BalasHapus
  56. Haiii shella widya 🙋 is this a thesis? why your explanation can be this long, I hope you can make it much simpler so that people can't understand your explanations 😊

    BalasHapus
  57. your explanation is very very long and unattractive template is a very fitting combination that makes people lazy to read, sorry 🙊🙊

    BalasHapus
  58. hello Sheila 👋 I'm lia 😊 i have seen your blog, your explanation it's long so it makes me lazy to read and not interesting 🙈🙈 I'm so sorry seila 🙏 i hope for the next you can explain it briefly but clearly, so it doesn't make your readers bored 😊 but it's okay sheila that's just my advice 😊 thank you Dear 🙏

    BalasHapus
  59. Where do you get the purpose about fonetik? We should not talking without background expert. So, please explain more the purpose about fonetik based on expert

    BalasHapus
  60. And one more question.
    To do an analysis of a certain acoustic phonetics, what is the suitable age range of participants to be recorded?

    BalasHapus
  61. Hii kak shella, i come back in your blog. I have a question. i wanna ask you about phonetic. Is there a better way to teach phonetics? explain to me

    BalasHapus
  62. hello sis shella reading your blog makes me fall asleep because it's so long and boring

    BalasHapus
  63. morning shela, how are you?
    your explanation of phonetics is good, but the cover on your blog is not very interesting, and makes people lazy to visit your blog sehell

    BalasHapus
  64. are you healthy shella????
    I hope you are always healthy huh
    reading your blog makes me fall asleep because it's so long and boring

    BalasHapus
  65. hi first lady, how are you ???
    Your report is very weak proof, and also the color of your blog does not exist, very very not interesting

    BalasHapus
  66. hi shela how are you to day???
    , i like your style,
    but I do not like your blog because it is very boring audience, the material is also too long

    BalasHapus
  67. hi shela widiaa, are u boring when i comment ur blog??
    shel, your blog is very ugly and makes the audience feel disappointed after visiting your blog

    BalasHapus
  68. shela how are you
    I like your blog, but
    shel, your explanation of the ponetik is in my opinion too long, so we are lazy to read it

    BalasHapus
  69. hi sheila, you are very cute and beautiful,
    but not with your blog, your blog is very ugly and has no appeal, pale white, and you are too careless

    BalasHapus
  70. hi shela widia, i'm sasriana cantiq
    your explanation is as long as a goat rope,
    the audience won't read all of it just so you know

    BalasHapus
  71. hi selaa, long time no see, i really like your silly jokes at school. shel may I comment?
    too much material that is not understood by the audience here,

    BalasHapus
  72. hi selaa, long time no see,
    Your blog is good, but you are not friendly to your audience, you don't care much about them, and don't give feedback either

    BalasHapus
  73. Hi Shella, I want to ask you about phonetics symbols. Are you memorize all of them? If yes can you tell me how you memorize it? Because most of people always make mistake to used it. Thanks.

    BalasHapus
  74. Hi Shella, I wanna ask you about phonetics and phonology, these two branch of linguistic seems so similar, can you give me the most differentiate between them. Thanks.

    BalasHapus
  75. Hello Shella, I want to ask about something. You say phonetics is process of how to make sounds by using part of human body such as lips, teeth, tongue, pharynx and lungs. What about the people that have disability on these body part. Is there any solution for them to learn phonetics?

    BalasHapus
  76. Hello Shella, Can you give me the definition of this topics according the experts. I tried to search in google but I can't find. Thanks.

    BalasHapus
  77. Hi Shella, I want to ask the benefit of learn this topics in our daily life, how important this topics and what happen if we failed to do it?

    BalasHapus
  78. Hello Shella. This posting is good with information but you don't use any media like power point or video to explain your topics. So it will make the people who reads fell bored.

    BalasHapus
  79. You also post with Indonesia Language even though you are student of English department also know this is Linguistics course, one of English majors courses. Please change the language okay.

    BalasHapus
  80. Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.

    BalasHapus
  81. Hai kak shella i am irma .your blog link makes me laugh out loud hahaha shelladoingblogspot wkwkwkw.

    BalasHapus
  82. hi sis shella i want to give a suggestion about your blog link you should use the name shellawidiablogspot.com i see it's more interesting and very simple

    BalasHapus
  83. kak shella your blog is good but why is your blog theme like this only white. very ordinary.

    BalasHapus
  84. Kak Shella I want to give you just a little advice. You have to change your theme Sis Shella. so it gets better and more interesting. i think that's all

    BalasHapus


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